Vaccination to the individuals in special clinical circumstances

Abstract

Excess limitation could be adapted on vaccination, since several clinicians might be afraid of adversed events after vaccination. The factors, which clinicians should consider on vaccination, are the immunological status of vaccinees and the type of vaccine, such as live vaccine or inactivated vaccine. Infants and children, pregnant women, the elderly, and individuals with chronic diseases are immune-altered and could be administered with live and inactivated vaccines, except pregnant women, who could not be administered with live vaccine. Only the immunocompromised individuals are contraindicated with live vaccines. Since influenza vaccine produced in Japan is well purified, anaphylaxis could not be induced in children with egg-allergy theoretically. In inactivated vaccines, priming with two or three doses via three to eight weeks interval is important for induction of specific immunity. The best way that protects immunocompromised individuals, who could not be administered with live vaccines, is elimination of vaccine preventable diseases by high vaccination rate, which overwhelms the herd-immunity.