Factors and corrective measures for a poor endoscopic operative field in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy

Abstract

A clear operative field is important for safe percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. However, clouding of the operative field may occur during endoscopic surgery. We investigated the causes and corrective measures for this complication.

Technical Note: The following causes contributed to the cloudiness of the operative field in our study: bleeding, an inadequately irrigated surgical field, adherence of tissues to the surface of the endoscope lens, heat of bipolar, entry of irrigated water into the segment connecting the camera to the endoscope, an inadequate focus centre, and technical issues associated with the endoscope itself.

Conclusion: Improved visualisation of the operative field can be restored by identifying technical complications affecting the endoscopic view and implementing appropriate corrective measures.