2025 Volume 42 Issue 2 Pages 156-163
Gliosarcoma is a rare and highly malignant central nervous system tumor, comprising approximately 2% of all glioblastomas and characterized by differentiation into both glial and mesenchymal components. The clinical significance of distinguishing between glioblastoma and gliosarcoma lies in their differing prognoses, with gliosarcoma showing a median survival of 9 months compared to 15 months for glioblastoma. This report presents a case of an elderly man diagnosed with gliosarcoma following the detection of limb muscle spasticity and the identification of a neoplastic lesion in the left cingulate gyrus via MRI. The diagnosis was confirmed by identifying a biphasic pattern of glial and mesenchymal components. Additionally, specific molecular abnormalities such as TP53 mutation, ATRX mutation, CDKN2A deletion, and PTEN deletion were identified. These findings underscore the importance of integrating morphological features with molecular genetic testing to diagnose gliosarcoma accurately.
