Fetal magnetic resonance imaging: Tips for imaging and interpretation according to the disease

Abstract

This review presents precautions and tips for interpreting fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for left diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM), esophageal atresia, pulmonary sequestration, and congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS). Furthermore, we introduce fetal MRI studies conducted at the authors’ facilities along with paper reports. In CDH and CPAM, the evaluation of mediastinal deviation is necessary, and the measurement of the MSA is helpful. Dynamic observation using cine mode imaging is useful for diagnosing esophageal atresia. Imaging using the SSTSE method is indispensable for diagnosing pulmonary sequestration. We also discuss methods for the diagnosis and measurement of CHAOS with an esophagotracheal fistula. Appropriate examinations and imaging interpretation are necessary for making a fetal MRI diagnosis.