小児の中枢神経感染症

榎園 美香子

doi:10.20844/jspr.42.1_5

Special Feature: The 61st Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Radiology: Collaboration and Progress

Neuroimaging of pediatric central nervous system infections: Current perspectives

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Keywords: Fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS), Congenital cytomegalovirus infection, Infection-triggered encephalopathy syndromes (ITES), Acute fulminant cerebral edema (AFCE), Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES)

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2026 Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 5-12

DOI https://doi.org/10.20844/jspr.42.1_5

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Abstract

Neuroimaging of pediatric central nervous system infections and acute encephalopathy has been transformed by advances in vaccination, evolving epidemiology (notably post-COVID-19), new disease concepts, and imaging technology. This review highlights recent developments, including the characteristics and latest findings concerning fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS) and congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. We also discuss the establishment of infection-triggered encephalopathy syndromes (ITES) as a new conceptual framework.

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