Abstract
Since 1980's workers' co-operative, volunteer work, Silver Jinzai Cnter and so on have taken root in Japanese society. We name them new types of work.
A number of researchers have come to grips with them from the various viewpoints such as co-operative movement, aged peoples' life, women's activities, social welfare or alternative movements. In the representative researches from the viewpoint of work, with ease, workers' co-operative, Silver Jinzai Center and home help service are put against employed or selfemployed work, whereas volunteer work and household work are put against occupational work. After examined carefully, these researches are lacking in close comparing them to employed or self-employed work or to occupational work, and in comprehensive grasp of them on the level of work.
The purpose of this paper is to propose a theory on the new types ofwork beyond these researches. It is the key to constructing the theory on them who consumes goods or service produced by the new types of work and by employed or self-employed work. This question concerns deeply the problem of social usefulness of work. In this paper the usefulness of it is divided into four aspects. Differentiating these aspects of the usefulness clarifies the consumers' characteristics of these works. And it enables us to configurate these works from these aspects of the usefulness.
Finally we confirm the continuity between some types of work and employed or self-employed work, and the discontinuity between other types of work and employed or selfemployed work. It gives us a clue to reconsideration of occupational work and nonocuupational work
