Abstract
As common characteristics among female employees, the following are pointed out ; instrumentality to family sustenance for a short period ; being engaged in lower kinds of and unskilled sorts of work ; weakness of consciousness on the part of them as workers ; lack of firm grounds of resistance to Capital. One, however, can by no means assert that a sufficient and thorough research into how these above-mentioned actually are has been well done. If it deals only with a static and plane aspect of the facts, any scholarstic product, however statistically elaborate it may be, will not provide those intended to proceed with their studies from a kinetic standpoint of view with a useful aid and satisfaction. Consequently, it is the writer's beginning through end purpose in this small article to present a more organic and synthetic monograph.
In 'k' restaurant on Sapporo city chosen as the object of the investigation, the writer could saw exsisting the discrimination between the male and the female employees in their allocation of work and things to do, which finally and virtually means more volume of work to the latter under the pressure of less employment.
The female employees are handicapped by lower wages, irregular working hours, and fewer holidays. Annual paid vacation and mensruation leave are by far beyond their reach and they are in such a deplorable state that they cannot properly exercise even their civil rights. There is no medical examination held which is to be performed by the management. There seems to them hardly to be any convenience through which they are able to buy daily needs. More attention is paid to developing the treat ment of customers in a more profitable way than to the welfare of the employees. They think of use of the same clothes of the wemen only for encouraging more purchse of custmers, putting aside a consideration of establishment of pleasure facilities for them. It was evident to the eye of this writer that a considerable amount of dark aspect was to be seen behind these superficially bright-looking circumstances surrounding them. Work and wages regulations are not yet established. In spite of the fact that they could little expect coal allowance and bonus, some appeared to be resighned with it, though others were dissatisfied. Their feelings toward the management were vague and enigmatic and sometimes these feelings seemed to be living with those between a load and his men of the feudal days. They lacked in a sense of social class solidarity and some were deprived of moral sense and a sense of responsibility. There were not a few who often changed working place.
However, when they came to know that the requirements for better conditions of employment were not to be accepted, all at once a call for an organization was trumpeted and many women came and participated in it, making themselves rank and file. Now it has finished its basic stage of organization, but much remains to be solved in the future. Various issues are certain to come up to the fore for answeringin the process of the following two elements influencing upon each other ; that is, managerial movements and tendencies among the union members and the nons. Thus gradually, one can get hold of the clues to understand how they think about work.
Through a systematic and continued investigation, we could excavate contradictory in consistencies between social classes seen in a small enterprise like 'k' and show how female workers can tranform, necessity arising.
Supposing that the principal task of sociology in connection with labor rests on the exact dicovery of troubles of modern society, based on aspirations and footing of workers in general, it is the writers only hearty wish that this small treatise will add a mite of contribution to the fulfillment of the mission sociology.
