As studs come to be applied to complicated structures, the demand to make the stud joints in horizontal welding position arises recently, though such welding position often leads to the occurrence of flaws. In this study, imperfect studs were made by the welding in horizontal position, and their quality in terms of shapes, flaws and material properties were investigated. After that, repair work by post-welding was carried out on the imperfect studs in order to find their possibility and limitation.
