中国の高校生における職業興味の規定要因

抄録

This study is aimed at exploring factors influencing the formation of vocational interests, using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Vocational interests were measured by Vocational Interests Inventory (Hu & Murakami, 2009), which was composed of four subscales: "Educational, medical and welfare", "Professional and clerical", "Technical and skilled", and "Art, media and service industry". The predictors were (a) two subscales of gender role attitudes ("Equalitarianism" and "Traditionalism"), (b) four subscales of work style ("Goal achievement and independence", "Family life and stability", "Self-actualization and philanthropic intentions", and "Status and success-in-life"), and (c) four subscales of self-efficacy ("Working with Ideas", "Working with Data", "Working with People", and "Working with Things"). These predictors were selected according to Wakabayashi & Munekata (2001). Data were collected from 512 Chinese senior high school students (234 males and 278 females), and subscales were constructed using exploratory factor analysis. Results obtained through separate analysis for each gender were similar to those of the total sample with sex serving as an additional predictor. While both work style and self-efficacy had significant effects on vocational interests, there were substantially more significant partial regression coefficients of subscales of self-efficacy relative to work style. On the other hand, gender role attitudes did not have significant effect, except for females, where equalitarian females exhibited lower scores on subscales corresponding to masculine occupations. Based on these results, our conclusion stresses the importance of providing vocational guidance through actual work experience.