A Study on Developing Capabilities and Formative and Summative Assessments Necessary to Realize Society 5.0 from the Viewpoint of “Design and Technology” and “Information Technology” Education from Elementary to Upper Secondary Schools

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to formally introduce standards-referenced assessment for developing capabilities necessary for the realization of Society 5.0, through the subjects of “Design and Technology (DT)” and “Computing”, comprising Computer Science, Information Technology and Digital Literacy, to further Japan-oriented STEAM education from elementary to lower and upper secondary schools. This article investigated the requirements of formative and summative assessments from the viewpoint of England/Japan comparative education. One of the reasons why the 2014 edition of the National Curriculum in England did not show the eight levels of learning attainment targets was the existence of a new proposal from the 1990s that refined the functional concepts of formative and summative assessments. As a result of this research, it was clarified that “assessment of learning” by teachers in each school and “assessment for learning” are emphasized in the 2014 edition of the DT subject and the Computing teaching guidance materials.