Research on Understanding the Concept of Psychological Safety for Observational and Experimental Groups: Using Multilevel Model

Abstract

In order to understand the psychological safety of science groups, this study applied multilevel model to the analysis. As a result, the following four points were revealed. First, psychological safety is a psychological variable consisting of multiple levels. Second, the student-level variance accounts for half of the variance in psychological safety, while the science group-level variance is slight. Third, in many groups, there are numerous students who have relatively high psychological safety within the group, but some students have lower psychological safety than other members. Fourth, the higher the psychological safety of the observation/experimental group, the stronger the tendency for some students in the group to have relatively low psychological safety and for other students of the same group to have relatively high psychological safety.