2023 Volume 47 Issue 2 Pages 69-74
After the revision of the government course guidelines, the Japanese Ministry of Education changed the form of the cumulative guidance record in 2019. It was determined that the new evaluation is based on three viewpoints: “knowledge and skills”, “thinking, judgment, and expression,” and “self-directed attitude toward learning.” In the present paper, the implications and methods of these evaluations are summarized. Self-directed attitude toward learning is a new point and is often regarded as difficult to understand. It contains two aspects: persistent efforts and self-regulation of learning. The latter is derived from psychological studies about “self-regulated learning” based on the three phases of “forethought – performance – reflection.” However, we should also consider the larger contexts of learning, and improve daily lessons and evaluation methods to foster students’ self-regulation.
