Proposal of a Tsunami Evacuation Plan Considering Cumulative Capacity in the Evacuation Place and Evacuation outside the Tsunami Inundation Area

Abstract

Cities facing the Pacific Ocean have enacted a tsunami evacuation plan to mitigate the damage of the tsunami disaster, from the lesson of the Great East Japan earthquake. However, especially in the center of the cities, evacuees cannot evacuate the nearest evacuation place due to capacity limitations. Thus, it is essential to make local evacuation rules considering local issues beforehand. This study proposes an evacuation plan considering the situation: capacity of evacuation places and evacuation outside the estimated inundation area. The method is that evacuees who cannot reach many evacuation places and outside the estimated inundation area prioritize evacuating closer evacuation places. By applying the local city, it evaluated the effectiveness of the evacuation plan from the aspect of the possible number of evacuees. The result showed that the proposed method could allocate evacuees than present methods. Also, it clarified that evacuating the locations outside the estimated tsunami inundation areas or mountains can improve the total number of evacuees, especially in the regions near the areas.