Malaria Risk Factors in Banjarnegara, Indonesia: A Matched Case-Control Study

Abstract

Malaria is a matter of concern in public health worldwide. Identifying its risk factors is essential to determine control efforts. We studied the potential environmental and human behaviour risk factors in malaria by a matched case-control study conducted in the Banjarmangu I Public Health Centre area, Banjarnegara, from June to August 2018. A structured questionnaire and checklist were employed to collect data from 50 participants. Data were analysed by Chi-Square, Fisher exact and logistic regression. A positive association was found between malaria and not sleeping under bed mosquito netting (OR=2.087 [95% CI: 1.148 – 3.795]), not using wire netting in the house ventilation (OR = 3.907 [95% CI: 0.647 – 24.452]), and inadequate prevention practices during outdoor activities (OR = 2.020 [95% CI: 1.033 – 3.953]). These three factors were identified as independent risk factors for malaria.