Abstract
This paper, an extension of the last year's survey, summarizes the series of study of collective dwellings in Japan. The surveys in the past shows a variety of collective dwellings in Japan with some regional characteristics. Thus, it is not easy to generalize the types. Through our surveys in the past, three major points have been discussed:
1) To clarify how certain types of dwellings and collective dwellings have developed and changed over time, by applying the method of Tipologia Edilizia.
2) To clarify the relation between the site and the dwelling on it, that is how the conditions of the site affect the structure of collective dwellings.
3) To clarify that collective dwellings have functions of planning and self-controlling in themselves and that there is a certain relation between the two functions.
Our aim in this survey is to complement the studies in the past and to discuss the above three points further and more systematically. For this purpose, Kyoto in the Edo era was chosen as a field of study, because the city reveals urban features that have long been accumulated since the ancient era. The following are some major aspects of the survey.
1. To apply the method of Tipologia Edilizia in analyzing the urban development of Kyoto over time since the end of the medieval era up to the beginning of the Edo era, with such indices as streets, roads and towns in common.
2. To clarify the urban development along the river Takasegawa that took place in the Edo era; different authorities were in charge at different times; certain relation existed between the planning authority and the self-controlling community; some notable characteristics of housing and collective dwellings were found.
3. To analyze the spatial structure of Higashishiokoji-village,
a farming community within the city of Kyoto; certain relations found between complex forms of dwellings, in the periphery and the social stratum; houses and collective dwellings developed and changed over time.
