A Case of Bladder Tamponade with Factor XII Deficiency in a Cat

Abstract

A case of bladder tamponade in a cat with coagulation factor XII deficiency. A 31/2-year-old castrated mixed-breed cat exhibited dysuria and was referred to the Animal Medical Center of Yamaguchi University, Japan. The cat had a history of feline lower urinary tract infection. Based on diagnostic imaging including X-ray, ultrasound and computed tomography, a mass lesion was detected in the bladder causing slight dilation of the left ureter. Surgery was scheduled; however, severe prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was detected on pre-operative coagulation testing. Exploratory cystomy revealed massive blood clots within the bladder, allowing the definitive diagnosis of bladder tamponade to be made. Surgery was uneventful. Postoperative testing indicated coagulation factor XII deficiency. In this case, the likely cause of the intravesical hemorrhage and bladder tamponade was iatrogenic injury caused by urethral catheterization during the management of feline lower urinary tract infection, likely exacerbated by the incidental finding of coagulation factor XII deficiency.