The atmospheric boundary layer is often characterized by vertical variations of air density. In density stratified layers such as the surface inversion layer that is frequently observed at nighttime, the air density decreases with height. In stably stratified conditions, negative buoyancy forces are present. As a result, when air flows over simple or complex topographies in stably stratified conditions, wave and other fluid phenomena emerge that are not observed in neutrally stratified conditions. In this report, we performed numerical simulations considering various atmospheric stability conditions for small-scale topography. Based on the obtained simulation results, we visualize the flow field and introduce drastic changes in the flow patterns. Furthermore, the effect of stable stratification on the evaluation of power generation is shown for typical complex terrain.
