新生児鼻腔並びに直腸内ブドウ球菌の消長

抄録

Thirty newborns, who were born in the obstetric wards of Komagome Hospital, . were divided into three groups; the first group was non-treated, in the second, Tetracyclin solution was dropped every days into the nose, and in the third, Erythromycin solution was used. Of Staphylococci, which were obtained from nasal and rectal cultures of newborns of these three groups, the biochemical behaviour, the phage-typing and the sensitivity against antibiotics were examined, and the successive survey of nasal and rectal flora was done.
Strains of Staphylococcus, isolated from nasal cultures of mothers and staffs of in the obstetric wards, and of patients in wards of infectious diseases and in the otorhinolaryngological clinic, were comparatively studied with strains of newborns. Results were as follows:
1) Among strains of Staphylococcus, obtained from nasal and rectal cultures of newborns, 33.4% and 38.0% were Staphylococci aureus.
2) Of 249 strains of St. epidermidis and of 122 strains of St. aureus from nasal cultures of newborns, 85.5% and 98.4% were resistant against any antibiotic.
Tetracyclin-resistant strains were most prevalent, and Erythromycin-resistant strains were found only by about 5%.
Among 114 strains of St. epidermidis and 70 strains of St. aureus of rectal cultures, 67.5% and 98.6% were antibiotic-resisant. The most prevalent resistant strains of rectal source were against Tetracycline.
3) Only 21 strains of St. aureus from nasal cultures and one from rectal cultures were able to be phage-typed ; phage-type of those strains belonged to the 1st group.
4) In nasal flora of newborns, Staphylococci appeared at latest within two days after birth.
5) By rectal cultures of newborns, Staphylococci were found within two days after birth, as like as coliform organisms.
6) The dropping into the nose of newborns of Tetracyclin solution seemed to promote and increase the appearance of St. aureus and Tetracyclin-resistant strains. The rectal flora of Tetracyclin group seemed to reveal similar influence.
7) The dropping of Erythromycin solution seemed to delay the appearance of Staphylococci in nasal and rectal flora and to inhibit their growth.
8) It seemed, there would be the closed relation between the nasal and rectal flora of the newborn.