Reconsideration of an ｉｎ　ｓｉｔｕ tissue engineering approach in periodontal regenerative therapy

Abstract

Periodontitis is a globally prevalent inflammatory disease that causes destruction of the tooth-supporting periodontal tissues. In the past 4 decades, a variety of procedures, including bone grafting, guided tissue regeneration, and the use of growth factors （GFs） have been performed either alone or in combination to accomplish periodontal regeneration. More recently, tissue engineering technologies using scaffolds, GFs and cells have been developed for regenerative medicine. However, all current approaches have been shown to have variable outcomes and limitations. To obtain favorable periodontal healing, there is an ongoing need to develop more reasonable therapeutics based on self-repair capacity in injured periodontal defect where the progenitor/stem cells from neighboring tissues can be recruited for ｉｎ　ｓｉｔｕ periodontal regeneration. In this review, the emerging various challenges for periodontal regenerative therapy using an “ｉｎ　ｓｉｔｕ tissue engineering approach” that avoid the ex vivo culture of cells are addressed for future clinical management of periodontal intrabony defects.