序論　戦後日本外交とナショナリズム

抄録

This volume intends to address a question so far rarely asked: relationship between foreign policy and nationalism in postwar Japan. The question has been avoided in the academic world in spite of the omnipotence of nationalism associated with Japanese foreign policy either implicitly or explicitly. Though nationalism is admittedly multifaceted phenomenon, the characteristic of nationalism is contradictory combination of liberal society and cultural community, past legacy and future prospect combined into the notion of “nation.” This peculiar nature of nationalism enabled it to proliferate into all over the world in the last two centuries. Despite this situation, International Relations study has not given enough attention to the issue of nationalism.
In addition, there is peculiar character in Japanese postwar nationalism. The postwar Japanese nationalism underwent four stages. The first postwar stage until 1955 was strongly connected with the prewar culmination of nationalism, though the major advocate of nationalism shifted from right-wing to left-wing. The second was the period of high economic growth from late 1950s to the end of 1960s, when the so-called Yoshida doctrine was planted into political framework. The third period was from 1970 to 1989, when Japanese society and politics underwent enormous change into a highly consumer-oriented society. This period saw rise of cultural nationalism hailing Japanese culture. The last period is the post-Cold War period since 1990. The dual shock of the bursting of the bubble economy and the Gulf War drove Japanese politics into overall restructuring, where nationalism gradually gained political influence. Rise of Asian countries and friction over history and territory, deepening of democracy by citizens’ involvement, heightened sense of military insecurity increasing social and economic gap within Japan in the globalization and post-bubble recession, all contributed to the enhancement of nationalism.
There are gaps between nationalism study and IR study, study on nationalism in general and Japanese nationalism, and diplomatic history and nationalism. The articles in this volume attempt to fill these gaps in one way or another. The topics include Japanese realists view on nationalism, new nationalism and security contribution in 1980s and 90s, economic nationalism and foreign policy in 1960s, Okinawa and Northern territorial island issues,and relationship with China and South Korea on history. The author hopes this pioneering collection will lure further entries in the field.