Grafting utilizing corpus adiposum buccae is frequently performed to reconstruct defects in the oral region, and it is known that transplantation that uses corpus adiposum buccae obtains an excellent histological result. Observation was done aiming to clarify the macroscopic and microscopic features of corpus adiposum buccae, using 23 sides of Japanese adult cadavers, and the results were as follows: 1) It was found that there were autonomic ganglia-like structures, composed of nervous cells, in corpus adiposum buccae. 2) Corpus adiposum buccae had a blood circulating system that promoted excellent adaptation and histodifferentiat ion in the transplanted region. 3) It seemed that corpus adiposum buccae had structural features of a blood circulatory system and interlobular connective tissue that enabled avoidance of graft damage when corpus adiposum buccae was transplanted.