Abstract
Post-operative hoarseness of vocal nodules is due, for the most part, to inadequate procedure in the operation of the lesion. This inadequate procedure may be classified into two categories : incomplete and excessive resection.
Poor surgical technique, insufficient knowledge of vocal nodules and vibration of the vocal folds, excessive confidence in surgical technique are mentioned as causes of excessive resection. Incomplete resection can be treated by re-operation, however there is no effective step against excessive resection.
Comprehension of the vocal fold vibration, mastery of surgical technique, and avoidance of excessive resection are important as countermeasures.
