A review of the subfamily classification and the phylogenetic relationships among the geometrid subfamilies (Geometridae)

Abstract

Historical changes to the subfamily classification in the family Geometridae are briefly introduced with the tables. As a result of morphological and molecular phylogenetic studies, the Geometridae are now classified into 9 subfamilies. The morphological features of each subfamily are presented based on many taxonomic studies together with an assessment of the validity of the subfamily names. Monophyly of each subfamily is discussed and the subfamily relationships are compared with reference to the morphological and molecular studies.