抄録
Evolution of advanced electron microscopes is reviewed. Technologies to see not only structure of
materials but also information of composition, electronic state, surface structure, and so on have been
highly evolved. We are right now on the stage to search their dynamical information. For ultrafast
dynamical electron microscopes, ultra-short electron pulse source is crucial. Femtosecond lasers are
available to generate short electron pulses. The current state of the research using photocathodes with
femtosecond laser is reviewed. The electron pulses generated and accelerated by intense femtosecond
lasers are promising for the next-generation sources of intense short pulse electrons. The challenge of
the authors at Kyoto University is introduced.
