抄録
The paper describes the activity on laser remote sensing of the atmosphere developed at the Institute of Atmospheric Optics Siberian Branch of USSR Academy of Sciences (now SB of Russian Academy of Sciences) including all the basic aspects of the problem, namely, developmentof sounding techniques; creation of surface-based, ship-, air- and spaceborne lidars; coverage of maximum number of the parameters being sounded; solution of corresponding inverseproblems; the use of all main phenomena of interaction of laser radiation with the atmosphere for the purposes of the remote sensing of atmospheric parameters; the use of different lasers for remote sensing in the IR, visible and UV ranges. The most important originalresults obtained at the Institute of Atmospheric Optics in the last 25 years of its existenceand directly related to the problems of laser remote sensing of the atmosphere are presented. Our consideration is restricted to the purpose and original special features of lidars and lidarcomplexes which has been developed, created and used at the Institute of Atmospheric Opticsincluding ground-based stationary lidars (the double-wavelength polarization lidar, the Ramanlidar, the DIAL lidar, the lidar station for sounding of aerosols, the multiwavelength lidar station), mobile lidars (the aerosol lidar “LOZA”, the spectrochemical lidar using a laser sparkgeneration in the atmosphere for analyzing the element composition of atmospheric aerosols, the Raman lidar, the lidar for sounding of wind velocity and its direction, and the long-path DIAL lidar) and also spaceborne lidars (“BALKAN-1”and “BALKAN-2”). The developedmost complicated technology of crystal growth which provides obtaining of nonlinear elementswith unique characteristics for the use in lidars is considered.
