全身麻酔薬と周術期管理：microRNAを介した機序

抄録

General anesthetics have various effects such as anesthetic effects, organ protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury/inflammatory and onco-/anti-cancer effects. General anesthetics have been revealed to change about 1.5% of gene expressions and to control biological activity. But a part of gene expression changes induced by general anesthesia have been found not to be associated with protein expression changes. Since the discovery of post-translational modification by microRNAs (miRNAs), it has become clear that intracellular signaling and cell-to-cell communication are complicated mechanisms. miRNAs are, in turn, expected to influence the effects of general anesthesia. Previous reports revealed that the miRNA expression changes induced by general anesthetics 1) depend on the organ, and 2) depend on the anesthetics. It has also been shown that general anesthetics can provide renal and lung protection via miRNAs. Furthermore, miRNA is one of the treatment targets that can be expected to be applied in perioperative management. However, to date, only a few studies have been published in the field of perioperative management via miRNA. Because post-translational modification by miRNAs involves a complicated mechanism, it is necessary to confirm the effect of general anesthetics via miRNAs in clinical research. In future, accumulation of further knowledge might contribute to selecting the optimal anesthesia method in consideration of each patient's comorbidities.