両性荷電膜

抄録

An amphoteric charged membrane (mosaic charged membrane) consists of negatively and positively charged fixed ions distributed in a neutral polymer matrix. When a gradient of electrolyte concentration is established across the membrane, anions and cations can flow through their respective pathways keeping macroscopic electroneutrality. As a result, the amphoteric charged membrane shows salt permeability much greater than its permeability to nonelectrolytes. The amphoteric charged membranes can be applied for the separation of salts from sea water, waste streams and food; however, commercial amphoteric charged membrane is still not available. The aim of this report is to give a brief summary of the preparation and characteristics of the amphoteric charged membranes. Several novel methods to prepare the amphoteric charged membranes are introduced such as radiation grafting technology, microsphere gel formation, an inorganic–organic hybrid technique. The results of a project about hollow fiber amphoteric charged membranes carried out in the author’s laboratory are also mentioned.