抄録
Green hydrogen energy has attracted increasing attention in relation to climate change and energy issues. In this case, hydrogen must be produced without carbon dioxide emission. Water is the only raw material that can be obtained cheaply and in large quantities to produce such hydrogen. The splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen requires an increase of Gibbs energy by 237 kJ/mol at room temperature and ambient pressure. The energy is usually supplied as electrical or light energy. This review focuses on the development of particulate photocatalysts that use the energy of sunlight to split water. After explaining the basic principles required for semiconductor particulate photocatalysts for water splitting, the development of several photocatalysts will be described in detail. The development of a total system to produce solar hydrogen from sunlight and water using particulate photocatalysts is then described, especially with the emphasis on the hydrogen separation system from hydrogen and oxygen mixture using membrane. Finally, the remaining challenges for the practical application of this novel technology are described.
