Studies on the relation between keeping livestock and breeding flies : (5) On the observations of fly dispersal in the farm keeping several kinds of livestock in the limited area

Abstract

It was already reported in the previous first to fourth reports that the flies emerged out numerously from livestock excreta and that the fly density in dwelling house or livestock barn was considerably effected by the practice of livestock keeping. In this observation, the fly fauna in the farm (of the National Institute of Animal Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Chiba city) where dwelling houses and livestock barns, etc. were placed in a limited area, was observed by using fly catch ribbon, in May and in September in 1963. As shown in the disposition of these building on the farm in Figure 1, several kinds of building were distributed on the farm having the scale of about 600 metres from east to west and about 1, 400 metres from south to north. On this farm, 90 dairy cattles, 150 hogs, 70 goats, 1, 500 hens and 200 rabbits were kept and the results of the observation were summarized as follows : 1. Total number of collected flies by this method were 11, 980 individuals in May, and 4, 611 individuals in September. Among the collected flies, the number of Fannia canicularis, Muscina stabulans, Calliphora spp. and other small-sized flies were much more in May than in September, but on the contrary, a number of Musca domestica, Stomoxys calcitrans, Sarcophaga spp. were collected in September. 2. The proportions of the number of flies by collecting place were 73.6% in livestock barn, 15.8% in dwelling house, and 10.6% in office building. 3. Of the collected flies in the livestock barns, the house-fly was mainly collected in the hog shed and hen shed while the stable-fly was collected in goat and cattle sheds. Only, in May the little house-fly and the small-sized flies were remakably collected in the rabbit shed. 4. The main active place of house-fly is seen near their breeding sources. Therefore, much of them were collected in the livestock barn than in the dwelling house or office building. As for the number of house-fly in the dwelling house and office building, it had only a very little relation with the distance from thier breeding source. 5. It was seen that the important factors of invasion of house-fly into the dwelling house were careless consideration on home management and the existence of children in the family, etc.