転移深層学習畳み込みニューラルネットワークを用いたCTコロノグラフィ候補陰影からのポリープ分類法

抄録

Computed tomographic colonography（CTC）, also known as virtual colonoscopy, provides a minimally invasive screening method for early detection of colorectal lesions. It can be used to solve the problems of accuracy, capacity, cost,and safety that have been associated with conventional colorectal screening methods. Computer-aided detection（CADe）has been shown to increase radiologists' sensitivity and to reduce inter-observer variance in detecting colonic polyps in CTC. However, although CADe systems can prompt locations of abnormalities at a higher sensitivity than that of radiologists,they also prompt relatively large numbers of false positives（FPs）. In this study, we developed and evaluated the effect of a transfer-learning deep convolutional neural network（TL-DCNN）on the classification of polyp candidates detected by a CADe system from dual-energy CTC images. A deep convolution neural network（DCNN）that had been pre-trained with millions of natural non-medical images was fine-tuned to identify polyps by use of pseudo-colored images that were generated by assigning axial, coronal, and sagittal images of the polyp candidates to the red, green, and blue channels of the images, respectively. The classification performances of the TL-DCNN and the corresponding non-transfer-learning DCNN were evaluated by use of 5-fold cross validation on 20 clinical CTC cases. The TL-DCNN yielded true- and falsepositive rates of 73.6［％］and 1.79［％］, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the non-transferlearning DCNN. This preliminary result demonstrates the effectiveness of the TL-DCNN in the classification of polyp candidates from CTC images.