This study investigates determinants influencing multinational enterprises (MNEs) in Japan, focusing on 113 Japanese Nursing Care companies. Quantitative methods were employed for a com-prehensive analysis. Our findings indicate that internationalization mediates the relationship between firm-specific advantages (FSAs) and firm performance, with country-specific advantages (CSAs) and inter-industry collaboration serving as positive moderators. Based on these findings, we recom-mend that Japanese enterprises continue investing in technology transfer initiatives and foster an environment in which customers are willing to pay premium prices for the perceived high quality of Japanese services. However, it is crucial for these enterprises to carefully address cultural differences, implement comprehensive staff training programs, and establish meticulous localized collaborations when pursuing international expansion.
