Effect of Combined Exposure to Nano Zinc Oxide and Eugenol on Cell Viability of V79 Cells

Abstract

Dental materials that exhibit analgesic and sedative actions, including eugenol, have been frequently used for the treatment of oral hard and soft tissues. Various studies examined the toxicity of eugenol. However, in the field of dentistry, it is mixed with zinc oxide for hardening, and changes in the cell viability level in a mixed state of zinc oxide and eugenol remain to be clarified. In addition, in nanomaterials, the surface area per volume markedly increases, and cytotoxicity may be potentiated. We investigated cell viability after exposure to a mixture of nano zinc oxide and eugenol using the MTT method. As a result, cytotoxicity in the eugenol-mixed state increased with an increase in the concentration of nano zinc oxide. Furthermore, no difference was observed in the IC50 value of eugenol. In addition, there was no synergistic effect or reduction of cytotoxicity under the nano zinc oxide/eugenol-mixed condition. In the future, various dental materials containing nanomaterials should be biologically evaluated.