Abstract
The structures of carbonized compounds yielded by heat treatment of organic materials have been studied mainly by X-ray diffraction in various ways. On the other side, the development of electron microscope technology offers directly and exactly to observe microstructures of these carbonized compounds, and it becomes quite useful for study of carbonizing behaviours about organic materials.
It is keenly interested in the behaviours of carbonization about phenolformaldehyde resins because these resins have widely been utilized for practical carbonizing sources.
Therefore, it is discussed at first in this report about carbonization and graphitization of organic materials, and secondarily about structural behaviours at carbonization and graphitization which are observed at heat treatment of phenol-formaldehyde resins. Then, succeedingly it is discussed about such physical properties as shrinkage and tensile strength of carbonized compounds, or their inherent properties like residual carbon content derived from change in average molecular weight and hexamine content. Furthermore it is discussed about kinds and quantity of emitted gas under various experimental conditions of heat treatment. These results are shown in the followings with several references and literatures.
