交通事故で受傷した頭部外傷における飲酒の影響 ──頭部外傷データバンクの 検討から──

抄録

The relation of alcohol intake to clinical features and outcomes in traffic accident were scarcely reported in literature. This study was conducted to clarify these issues, including the effectiveness of safety devices.

Among 1002 cases registered in the Japan Neurotrauma Data Bank, 474 (47%) were documented about alcohol intake and enrolled. Those were divided into 2 groups: drinking group in 112 cases (24%) and non-drinking in 362 (76%). Results: The age was younger and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was lower in the drinking group. The four wheel vehicle and the motorcycle accidents were more common, and the safety device, especially the helmet was less frequently worn in the drinking group. In addition, the incidence of basal skull fracture was higher, and diffuse injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage on CT were more frequently observed in the drinking group. However, the outcome at discharge was not different significantly between two groups. These analyses were also done in both severely injured group (GCS: 3 – 8 on admission), and less severe group (GCS: 9 – 15). But the clinical features, the x-ray findings and the outcomes did not differ significantly between the drinking and the non-drinking groups in the less severe group, perhaps due to the small number of the cases.

The above results suggested that the injury itself may be more severe, and the younger age might correct the outcome difference in the drinking group, especially in the severe head injury.