抄録
The importance of biometrics was first recognized in 2001. The terrorist attacks in the United States in September 2011 significantly changed the evaluation of biometrics. Prior to September 2011, an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of biometrics and its applications was not available, and one could only refer to previous studies in this area. Biometrics had limited practical uses such as a system that grants entry and Personal Computer (PC) login. However, the event in September 2011 acted as a trigger to demand the reason for not using biometric technology as a mainstream technology. On the other hand, in Japan, biometric technology was steadily integrated into the infrastructure system in various areas: vein verification devices in the ATMs of banks in October 2004, e-passport (face), border control system (face and fingerprint) in 2006, and driver's license (face) in 2007. Applications of biometrics for public use such as social ID have gained importance. Biometrics represents unique personal information. Although a single entity can be responsible for verification of this information, stored data may be leaked or stolen, thus resulting in privacy issues. In order to ensure compliance with international standards, clear rules regarding interoperability and performance must be defined, thus increasing transparency in the selection of a product by the user. This study presents the latest developments in basic and advanced biometric technology.
