超臨界流体を用いた材料加工技術の最新動向

抄録

A supercritical fluid is a highly versatile solvent used in materials engineering and could be utilized to develop sustainable and green processes for synthesizing and manufacturing functional materials. In particular, supercritical CO₂ (scCO₂) can be used to reduce energy and material consumption, lowering the material intensity of the subject. The key to the successful application of scCO₂ is the exploitation of its favorable properties for both heat and mass transfer. Applications in materials engineering that take advantage of the mass-transfer properties of scCO₂ (viscosity reduction and diffusivity) have been widely demonstrated in the literature. The development of materials engineering systems will require critical analysis of both pre- and post-process energy and solvent consumption to achieve sustainable production of new materials. It is expected that scCO₂ will play an important role in materials engineering, and the development of new protocols, methodologies, and applications are anticipated.