Abstract
We define power as unequal distribution of liberty to members of the society. In other words, the power relation denotes the relation between two individuals in which one can choose his/ her action from alternative actions, in spite of that the other has no room to choose. For instance, the leader-follower relation is typical power relation. Then, why I, the follower obey my leader's command, when I don't want to do so? Because leader is leader, institution gave him liberty to command me and forbid me to choose other actions exept obedience. Of course in physical sense, I can refuse, but socially I can't. Refusal means secession from the institution. Institution distributes liberty to individuals as their rights. And individuals choose institution to which they will belong among possible institutions. So as far as we want to stay at our institution, we have no motives to disobey power. The power structure is the part of the social institution. When the institution changes, the power structure changes, too. Then, we can imagine the function which maps the set of institutions to the set of power structures. When we can make this function clear. we come up to explanation and prediction of power. In this paper, we get two theorems: (1) When an institution satisfies the condition of total liberty (which means that any individual has alternatives of actions ), then there is no power relation in it. (2)When an institution satisfies the condition of total restraint (which means that any individual can't change ones action without other's change of action), then no members and no subgroups of the society have power, and the society itself has power to all of them.
