Abstract
The theory of two-level games seeks to integrate the models of international negotiations and domestic policymaking processes, and the existing literature has devoted its attention to the process of “ratification” as a mechanism of transmitting the preferences of domestic actors onto the contents of international agreements. However, selection of negotiators by domestic actors prior to negotiations can serve the same purpose. This article analyzes how domestic preferences affect international agreements through negotiator selection by combining a modified Downsian model and the Rubinstein bargaining model. According to this model, median voters may, under some restricted circumstances, prefer a hawkish to a moderate negotiator in order to enhance the country's bargaining power. The model clarifies the necessary conditions for such a “counter-intuitive” outcome to occur.
