Abstract
Gemini surfactants are known to have high surface activities such as lower critical micelle concentration (cmc) and higher efficiency in lowering the surface tension than conventional surfactants, and show unique aggregation behavior such as premicellar aggregate formation and spontaneous vesicle formation at low concentration in solution. Although most gemini surfactants that have been reported so far, contain hydrocarbon chains as hydrophobic group, the authors pay attention to fluorinated gemini surfactants with one or two fluorocarbon chains in a molecule, and have been researching. Only a few reports are available with regard to research on fluorinated gemini surfactants. Design and synthesis, surface-active properties such as cmc and ability in reducing the surface tension, and aggregation properties in aqueous solution for (1) fluorinated anionic gemini surfactants with carboxylate salts, (2) fluorinated cationic gemini surfactants with quaternary ammonium salts, (3) hybridgemini surfactants with different chains of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon are reviewed in the present study.
