Flow Properties of Fine-Bubble Mixture Water and Application to Dyeing of Fabrics

Abstract

Characteristics of flow behavior of fine-bubble (microbubble and nanobubble) mixture water were studied. A reduction of pressure losses was observed for under the sheer flow and the vertical flow of fine-bubble mixture waters compared with ion-exchanged water. These results were very similar to surfactant solutions, so both liquids were increased mobility through the small spaces such as between clothing threads, as a result to these drag-reducing characteristics. And application of fine-bubble mixture water to dye the cloths, especially vegetable (herb) dyeing, it was more useful for deep color using of fine-babble mixture water compared with ion-exchanged water. Then, fine-bubble mixture waters are contribute to the efficient use of water, low energy, and low environmental loads.