2021 Volume 21 Issue 12 Pages 497-505
Marine pollutions by plastics litter and microplastics are big environmental problems which shall be solved internationally. To solve these problems, 3R (reuse, reduce, and recycle) for plastics products are most important issues, innovations for biodegradable plastics which are used for plastics leaked to environment and biobased plastics which reduce the amounts of fossil-based plastics, are also important. Evaluations for biodegradable and/or bio-based plastics should be based on international standards such as ISO standards which are discussed in ISO Subcommittee SC14 "Environmental aspects" of Technical committee TC61 "Plastics". Marine biodegradation evaluation methods are defined by ISO methods. New functional plastics with good biodegradability in marine, which is produced from biomass, will be evaluated by ISO method. Its market introduction will be promoted by certification of requirements defined in ISO.
