2023 Volume 23 Issue 5 Pages 241-247
Macrophages polarize into either pro-inflammatory (M1) and immunosuppressive (M2) phenotypes. M1-like macrophages are involved in the elimination of foreign body substances including tumor cells. In contrast, M2-like macrophages promotes angiogenesis, tissue regeneration, and tumor progression. As dynamics of macrophages during tumor progression, i.e., macrophage programing in the tumor microenvironment and functions of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), have been clarified, alternative immunotherapic approaches focused macrophages have been proposed. In this review, modification of mammalian cell surfaces by metabolic glycoengineering and surface functionalization of macrophages for cancer immunotherapy are described.
