Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis for Sustainable Aviation Fuel

Abstract

The international aviation sector, responsible for approximately 1.8% of global GHG emissions as of 2019, has agreed to reduce GHG emissions to net-zero by 2050. Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) has emerged as a key solution, with an expected rise in global demand. Among recognized SAF production methods, the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis technology stands out for its versatility in using diverse feedstocks and its high GHG reduction potential.
For SAF production, from a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective, non-fossil derived materials like biomass and renewable hydrogen are essential. Unlike typical oil refineries, smaller, local consumption-oriented plants are more suitable for SAF production. Specialized FT synthesis technologies using microchannel reactor with highly active catalyst have been developed for such scales.
In Japan, demonstrations of integrated SAF production from woody biomass and commercial flights have been completed under NEDO projects, with ongoing considerations for social implementation.
To meet agreed targets, Japan must strategically secure high GHG reduction-effective SAF. Discussions are advancing on designing a social system that reflects the environmental value added by SAF.

graphical abstract