Surgical procedure and operative results were studied on 51 children (57 ears) with middle ear cholesteatoma. The patients who has past history of otitis media with effusion was found in 40.4% and hearing loss over 30dB in 45.6%. A canal wall up procedure was used in 39 ears, a canal wall down procedure in 18 ears. Postoperative trouble such as residual disease, otorrhea and retraction pocket decreased by canal wall down procedure and reconstruction of the posterior canal wall which was done using a cartilage of the tragus and the conective tissue flap.
