Quantum sensing with fluorescent nanodiamonds and applications to biological measurements

Abstract

Fluorescent nanodiamonds with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers are emerging as versatile quantum sensors at room temperature. They enable probing of temperature, magnetic fields, and biochemical environments inside living systems. This article reviews recent progress in biological applications, including intracellular thermometry in cells and organisms, and integration with on-chip devices. Challenges to improve material quality such as extending spin coherence are discussed along with future perspectives for applying nanodiamond quantum sensors in life sciences and medicine.