食品の安全性をめぐる国際交渉と貿易ルールの政治経済学 : 米国産牛肉を中心に
2007 年 43 巻 4 号 p. 75-85
詳細
2007 年 43 巻 4 号 p. 75-85
The purpose of this paper is to clarify the basic character and structure of that the international negotiation and trade rules on "Food Safety issue". In this paper, we focus on "safety of US-beef" in eminent agricultural exporting country United Sates of America in the world. Chapter 1 shows that define of "Political Economy approach", and that problem establishment of this paper. Section 2 shows that reviewing about the relation between "Food Safety issue" and globalization. In terms of trade and "Food Safety issues", The SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary) measures are so important that its have an influence on risk related to food safety and ecological safety. Section 3, we consider the characteristic of international negotiation and trade rules on "Food Safety issue". In this section, we examine about "the Japan-U.S.BSE negotiation". Section 4 shows that structure and character of the WTO trade rule (especially SPS agreement). And, as the case study of trade rule of WTO, we examine "the U.S.-EU growth hormone beef case". Lastly, in section 5 shows that opinion of Jagdish Bhagwati as Neo-Classical international economist, his policy recommendation for trade and food safety issues is labeling. We describe that some critique against this policy recommendation. And we conclude this paper and point out some additional study subject. The main conclusions in this paper about international trade negotiation/rule and "Food safety issue" are the following four points. 1. To set an analysis framework from "Political Economy approach". 2. Explicit understanding of structure that interaction between "Food Safety issue" and the WTO regime. 3. Having confirmed a position of the U.S. Government, which gave priority to trade promotion over food safety security from "the Japan-U.S.BSE negotiation" and "the U.S.-EU growth hormone beef case". 4. To point out that "Non- neutrality" of the decision of the international rule about the trade and "Food Safety issue", and that the "fluctuation" of WTO.
