Abstract
Examinations to carry out the formation of the optimum distribution of resources and labor by the calculation of labor expenditure without using money, was performed among socialists before. This thought was inherited in the Soviet Union. When it thinks that it can produce stock such as machinery by labor and stock, it is labor that is scarce eventually. But when think in each period; stock which received from the before period is limited and total labor in this period is limited, so that consumption in this period decreases when labor and stock which are necessary for increase the stock, are allocated. Therefore, when products are evaluated by the value that economists in classical school and Marx calculated by labor, we cannot achieve the optimum allocation. In the Soviet Union, Novozirof (1959) and Kantorovich (1959) are showed the optimum allocation in the solution of linear programming, but they did not succeed in leading it only from labor expenditure. In this paper I show the calculation formula of the appropriate evaluation of products by labor expenditure which can lead the optimum solution. We can calculate the quantity of labor necessary directly and indirectly to produce one unit of product from using simultaneous equations. It is equal to the quantity of labor that is necessary to produce a unit of net product. Similarly we can calculate the quantity of stock directly and indirectly to produce one unit of product from using similar simultaneous equations. Even if stock consists of having many kinds, when the stock is produced in labor and stock, we can add it up by the quantity of labor that is necessary to produce it directly and indirectly. I'll call 'cost' that x+ξ・z; x is the quantity of labor necessary to produce one unit of net product, z is the quantity of stock evaluated by labor that is necessary to produce it directly and indirectly, and hung a coefficient ξ for saving stock. Because the government appoints an appropriate coefficient ξ and companies choose production methods to minimize costs, we can achieve the most suitable production formation. What we should pay attention to is for the profit that is income not to enter in a calculation formula. The coefficient for saving stock is not income. Another point to pay attention to is that the production price in capitalist production system is approximation of the most suitable calculation by labor. But concerning space, I am going to explain it in detail in the next article in this connection. In addition, in a sign, y is durability, ζ is the quantity of the stock necessary for production per a unit and z is its total evaluation by labor. And c is consumer goods, e is first producer's goods, d is second producer's goods. About subscript, lower first is a number of output products, lower second is a number of in-put goods, upper (right corner shoulder) is a number of production methods.
