Abstract
The history of hospital infection has been closely associated with the history of hospital itself. Owing to such shrewd observer/researchers as Semmelweis, the basis for infection control was founded in the 19th century. After the advent of the antibiotic era in the mid-20th century, the threat of pathogenic microorganisms has dwindled away to nothing more than a shadow to be expelled by antibiotics. However, such absolute faith in antibiotics has already diminished, and again we must confront the harsh reality of pathogenic microorganisms.
