A Study on Facial Expressions Perceived as 'Azatoi'

Abstract

In recent years, "cuteness" in appearance has been used to elicit positive reactions in human-robot interactions. However, with the future diversification of robots, essential to incorporate . We thus focus on "azatoi," which is a self-conscious and intentional form of "cuteness," as a novel element to evoke interpersonal reactions. In this study, we conducted a smile-based impression rating experiment on facial expressions to identify elements contributing to the perception of "azatoi." The goal was to determine whether "azatoi" can be perceived solely through facial expressions and determine the specific contributing elements. The results showed that certain smiles were generally perceived as "azatoi," differing from other facial expressions in intentionality, emotionality, and second-order intention perceived. An analysis of features linked to "azatoi" smiles suggested distinct movements around the mouth (AU14, 20, 23) and eyebrows (AU1, 4, 7) as potential triggers for the perception of "azatoi."