Abstract
Kamakura where is located in the joint of Miura peninsula, had been political center for about 140years from the 12th to 14th century. The rulers were the samurai class, at the top of which existed the shogun and the his goverment. During these periods a variety of culture had been developed. This characteristics culture is till found at the present-day Kamakura.
Mainly, based on the investigations on the soil and water structures such as old passes, yaguras, wells and so on, the several discussions are carried out about the birthplace and prosperity of Kamakura shogunate. It is suppesed that the flourished Kamakura's culuture may be closely related with the tertiary stratum of tuff and mudstone, which is classified into the soft rocks, in Kamakura area. It is also pointed out that the old Japanese culture and the beautiful green city are recently intested with air and water pollutions.
